1、前文

最近项目中使用消息队列，好处是可以解耦、削峰、异步，具体的大家可以查一下详细说明哈，话不多说，开始上代码。

2、引用依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

3、配置yml

server:
  port: 9204
spring:
  application:
    name: test-rabbitmq
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 15672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtualHost: /

4、配置Config类，此处最为关键

package com.ccse.semiphysical.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Author: lizj
 * @CreateTime: 2023-12-26  14:31
 * @Description: TODO
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitmqConfig {

    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_ENVPARAMS = "queue_inform_envparams";
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_ENVRETURN = "queue_inform_envreturn";

    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_CLOSETASK = "queue_inform_closetask";
    public static final String EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM="exchange_topics_inform_env";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_ENVPARAMS="inform.#.environmentalparams.#";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_SEND="inform.environmentalparams";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_ENVRETURN="inform.#.environmentalreturn.#";

    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_CLOSETASK="inform.#.closetask.#";

    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_RETURN="inform.environmentalreturn";

    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_CLOSE_TASK="inform.closetask";

    //声明交换机
    @Bean(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM)
    public Exchange EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM(){
        //durable(true) 持久化，mq重启之后交换机还在
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM).durable(true).build();
    }

    //声明QUEUE_INFORM_ENVPARAMS队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_ENVPARAMS)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_ENVPARAMS(){
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_ENVPARAMS);
    }
    //声明QUEUE_INFORM_ENVRETURN队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_ENVRETURN)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_ENVRETURN(){
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_ENVRETURN);
    }
    //声明QUEUE_INFORM_CLOSETASK队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_CLOSETASK)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_CLOSETASK(){
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_CLOSETASK);
    }

    //ROUTINGKEY_ENVPARAMS队列绑定交换机，指定routingKey
    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_QUEUE_INFORM_ENVPARAMS(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_ENVPARAMS) Queue queue,
                                              @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY_ENVPARAMS).noargs();
    }
    //ROUTINGKEY_ENVRETURN队列绑定交换机，指定routingKey
    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_ROUTINGKEY_ENVRETURN(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_ENVRETURN) Queue queue,
                                          @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY_ENVRETURN).noargs();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_ROUTINGKEY_CLOSETASK(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_CLOSETASK) Queue queue,
                                                @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY_CLOSETASK).noargs();
    }
}

5、生产者

@Autowired
RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

//使用rabbitTemplate发送消息
//交换机名称，routikey，发送的消息
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitmqConfig.EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM, RabbitmqConfig.ROUTINGKEY_SEND, JSON.toJSONString(retrunData));
        

6、消费者

@RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitmqConfig.QUEUE_INFORM_ENVPARAMS})
public void receive_envparams(@Payload String msg){
    //此处省略业务代码
}