一、实现MD5加密
方法一:MD5直接加密
import hashlib # 定义用户名和密码 username = 'admin' password = '123' # 计算用户名的MD5哈希值 md = hashlib.md5(username.encode()) md5username = md.hexdigest() print(md5username) # 计算密码的MD5哈希值 md = hashlib.md5(password.encode()) md5password = md.hexdigest() print(md5password)
运行看结果:
21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3
202cb962ac59075b964b07152d234b70
建议加密是否正确:
方法二:MD5+盐加密,将盐拼接在原密码后
import hashlib text1='123456' print(text1) SALE=text1[:4] # 设置盐值 print(str(text1)+SALE) md_sale=hashlib.md5((text1+SALE).encode()) # MD5加盐加密方法一:将盐拼接在原密码后 md5salepwd=md_sale.hexdigest() print(md5salepwd)
输出结果:
方法三:MD5+盐加密,将password整体插入SALE的每个元素之间
import hashlib text1='123456' print(text1) SALE=text1[:4] # 设置盐值 print(str(text1).join(SALE)) md_sale=hashlib.md5((str(text1).join(SALE)).encode()) # MD5加盐加密方法二:将password整体插入SALE的每个元素之间 md5salepwd=md_sale.hexdigest() print(md5salepwd)
输出结果:
二、实现base64加密解密
1、Python实现base64加密,可以使用base64库。
代码如下:
import base64 # 加密 username = "admin" base64_username = base64.b64encode(username.encode('utf-8')).decode() print(base64_username) password = "123" base64_password = base64.b64encode(password.encode('utf-8')).decode() print(base64_password)
运行结果:
YWRtaW4= MTIz Process finished with exit code 0
对比结果:
2、 Python实现base64解密,可以使用base64库。
import base64 import requests # 加密 username = "admin" base64_username = base64.b64encode(username.encode('utf-8')).decode() print(base64_username) password = "123" base64_password = base64.b64encode(password.encode('utf-8')).decode() print(base64_password) data={'username':base64_username,'password':base64_password} response=requests.post("http://*****:5000/base64login",params=data) print(response.json()) # 解密 str1 = base64.b64decode(base64_username.encode('utf-8')).decode() print(str1) str2 = base64.b64decode(base64_password.encode('utf-8')).decode() print(str2)
打印结果:
YWRtaW4= MTIz {'error_code': 0, 'message': 'Base64加密登陆成功!'} admin 123 Process finished with exit code 0
三、实现RSA加密解密
一、RSA加密算法
RSA加密算法是一种非对称加密算法,加密的秘钥是由公钥和私钥两部分组成秘钥对,公钥用来加密消息,私钥用来解密消息,公钥是公开的,给对方进行加密,私钥则是用户自己保留,用来对加密的数据进行解密。
公钥pem文件格式:以-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----标记打头,以-----END PUBLIC KEY-----标记结尾,中间部分即为公钥
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDM6dGIA2naE3nGXi6O9vHskRSj uC5hn30msl+bk1yJl4NUqH1et7S3C0NWMDHPkC0vyWtp8HTpV1bFN747zToegLOs n1+zsf1LSObVce+UU76w1J3oAHBPCHSTt+WuTe+FMbQzvX1CQAdzdqCvYFvb+b9Y +L+ajto9raO0cfdGawIDAQAB -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
私钥pem文件格式:以-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----打头,以-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----结尾,中间部分即为私钥
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIICWwIBAAKBgQDM6dGIA2naE3nGXi6O9vHskRSjuC5hn30msl+bk1yJl4NUqH1e t7S3C0NWMDHPkC0vyWtp8HTpV1bFN747zToegLOsn1+zsf1LSObVce+UU76w1J3o AHBPCHSTt+WuTe+FMbQzvX1CQAdzdqCvYFvb+b9Y+L+ajto9raO0cfdGawIDAQAB AoGACjUBb22AGdFLiRKK7isl3NtTNF6JzOoVYVaURZsfCmmGLLLh39R1x4Jjncjz yjuLzKwTUikcobzsgRFoQ/FSmjiMkQcIFoE20qJiYOOnB8T346OZfyWSMQqTAWTa KnT1Ih74x2aft4Sf3NwkDpqEqU4nksEWmebZ+ynStaCaHKkCQQDj1FN0D8b2knbl m0SXvDwhKX4R6U+ZZtDR1XwLwlFuz9xSFfuQ797O91pJwHagB8jWkCSYYDeIDyYd hQCDcRIzAkEA5kAcnyryeORaMbuvHqq+fulff+u0bp4Crply4qKI5PV2wVskQ1z0 DzRyao8n9rED+kxYM5E5HXc4q9nkzUFy6QJAauTrRvBEHNp5eJ9SHpNN7w1Fvmem VkY8QceVjPreNEzIhacUwlsZQigiL6pivhEI9UrqMKgsReU9r+oAZKt/qwJAU5Pg D9K6EzHon3beOUaHQXAa70cyxphqptAiiKuw/1MumT8pKZ6bJM3H3nA6dGyK4hdG SOmlDtIQ6yh7yhnAyQJAPKCoBoiR6f+feOwBrrh0KTbHucZygH4y9bPW+tz5nrwt ChypQ8vu7qG7Arcw9jYJ2HJFXHeQ3Hx2FjhruYfwew== -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
二、使用Python进行RSA加密解密
1、模块安装
pip install pycryptodome -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
2、代码示例
import base64 from Crypto import Random from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5 from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA # 伪随机数生成器 random_generator = Random.new().read # rsa算法生成秘钥对实例对象:1024是秘钥的长度 rsa = RSA.generate(1024, random_generator) #生成私钥并保存到pem文件,如果知道秘钥值key3也可以不保存,拼接上begin/end标识后加载直接用,如key3 = '-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- ' + key3 + ' ' + '-----END PUBLIC KEY-----' private_pem = rsa.exportKey() #print(private_pem) with open("./private.pem", "wb") as f: #wb,以二进制格式写入文件到当前文件夹中 f.write(private_pem) #生成公钥并保存到pem文件,当然也可以不保存直接用,即key1 public_pem = rsa.publickey().exportKey() with open("./public.pem", "wb") as f: #wb,以二进制格式写入文件 f.write(public_pem) #plaintext:需要加密的明文文本,公钥加密,私钥解密 plaintext = 'admin' #加密过程 # 1:加载公钥 with open("public.pem") as f1: key1 = f1.read() #从pem文件中读取公钥内容,包括begin头/end尾标识 public_key = RSA.import_key(key1) #加载公钥key1 #:2:加密 cipher_rsa = PKCS1_v1_5.new(public_key) #cipher_text 即为加密后的密文 cipher_text = base64.b64encode(cipher_rsa.encrypt(plaintext.encode('utf-8'))) #打印加密结果 #Python3的字符串的编码语言用的是unicode编码,由于Python的字符串类型是str,如果直接打印出来print(cipher_text),会是b'字符串',解决方案是后面添加decode('utf-8') print(cipher_text.decode('utf-8')) # 读取私钥 with open("private.pem") as f2: key2 = f2.read()#从pem文件中读取私钥内容,包括begin头/end尾标识 private_key = RSA.import_key(key2)#加载私钥key2 # 解密 cipher_rsa = PKCS1_v1_5.new(private_key) text = cipher_rsa.decrypt(base64.b64decode(cipher_text),random_generator) #打印解密结果 #Python3的字符串的编码语言用的是unicode编码,由于Python的字符串类型是str,如果直接打印出来print(text),会是b'字符串',解决方案是后面添加decode('utf-8') print(text.decode('utf-8'))
3、运行结果
uORTWLnlQ8IdBY3BJIQjeaPfL7aAvBf8VB0zku6LKRZJvK2vlqEyX77i7JPXx7b4OrK86/c93McR72oOdujY5PY/K6aAXz0FYmkN01s6eYfFC5ODRLxgCuVuE+6+QLUc3b8kYOQ11Q3sXRnCJyjWdeGu/IkBZ3WSn8WlHxCDSK8= admin Process finished with exit code 0
4、代码示例2
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_OAEP import base64 # 生成RSA密钥对 key = RSA.generate(2048) # 加密数据 public_key = key.publickey() cipher = PKCS1_OAEP.new(public_key) encrypted_data = cipher.encrypt(b'admin') encoded_encrypted_data = base64.b64encode(encrypted_data) print(encoded_encrypted_data.decode('utf-8')) # 解密数据 cipher = PKCS1_OAEP.new(key) decoded_encrypted_data = base64.b64decode(encoded_encrypted_data) decrypted_data = cipher.decrypt(decoded_encrypted_data) print(decrypted_data.decode())
运行结果
PZssDKs036HTNWA/EGKIF9m5S+8LZ9vNadzXzx19tLsT1F7M4JZHYGlS0ep54q5ICSp4daPR2RZMjRfotQiWZrUE1MWz25N1ocyegtbFplscOczhJ33RYGmVheCfJnV+Hxkxu77S0K0GACeRwRRZ8XcSmgMAqZ0EiDKgpNZ5NBweDtula0oH26gQa8o5fB49AwZ28JEGaWsTeuDiLgG/u3fotqcDFqY2bMeFntISNQ5MzSI1RNdIuK73phFNgIlELmw14i3UrYlSEJdpwj2IrQeYZbXQzEzQA0mDRnUvRzF/pCKX3Kg7rnAcERszhpuKzAzGZSQEEjnUGAq3tXvvfw== admin Process finished with exit code 0